Inner Planets

The inner planets. From left to right: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars and terrestrial dwarf planet, Ceres (sizes to scale)

General Astronomy. Quiz 5

Student Last Name____________First Name_________Date/__/__/______

1. The planets of our solar system all orbit the Sun (how?)_______________, as viewed from above Earth’s North Pole.
2. The inner terrestrial planets – Mercury, _______________, Earth, Mars – are all of comparable density and generally ____________________.
3. The outer jovian planets – Jupiter, _____________, Uranus, and Neptune - have much lower densities and are composed mostly of gaseous or liquid ______________ and helium.
4. The smallest (by the mass) terrestrial planet is _______________.
5. The terrestrial planet ____________has largest for terrestrial platens orbital period.
6. One Orbital Period of the planet ___________________is equal about 30 Earth Years.
7. Radius of Sun is equal about ____________ Earth Radii.
8. Average density of comet Hale-Bopp is __________kg/m³
9. In Solar system the Planet ____________ has largest number of known Moons.
10. Traveling in a highly elliptical orbit, a comet brightens and develops an extended _ _ _ _ as in nears the Sun.
11. To compute the object’s size (actual diameter), we note that the ratio of its actual diameter to the circumference of the circle (2π times the distance to the object) must be equal to the ratio of the observed _ _ _ _ _ _ _ diameter to one full revolution, 360ᵒ.
12. Let the object’s angular diameter is measured to be about 0.573ᵒ, and the distance to the object is 1 thousand kilometers. The actual diameter of this object is ________km.
13. The density is computed by dividing the object’s mass by its ___________.
14. The _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ belt is the circumstellar disc in the Solar System located roughly between the orbits of the planets Mars and Jupiter. It is occupied by numerous irregularly shaped bodies called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ or minor planets.
15. A few hundred _ _ _ _ _ _ asteroids share an orbit with Jupiter.
16. The solar _ _ _ _ is a stream of charged particles released from the upper atmosphere of the Sun.
17. The _ _ _ _ Cloud is an extended shell of icy objects that exist in the outermost reaches of the solar system.
18. _ _ _ _ _ _ is a small body of matter from outer space that enters the earth's atmosphere, becoming incandescent as a result of friction and appearing as a streak of light.
19. A _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is a solid piece of debris from an object, such as a comet, asteroid, or meteoroid, that originates in outer space and survives its passage through the Earth's atmosphere and impact with the Earth's surface.
20. A _ _ _ _ _ _ is an interstellar cloud of dust, hydrogen, helium and other ionized gases.
21. In astrophysics, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is the accumulation of particles into a massive object by gravitationally attracting more matter, typically gaseous matter, in an _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ disk.
22. An angular _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is proportional to (mass) х (rotation rate) х (radius)²
23. The _ _ _ _ _ _ belt is a circumstellar disc in the Solar System beyond the planets, extending from the orbit of Neptune (at 30 AU) to approximately 50 AU from the Sun.
24. An _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is a planet that orbits a star other than the Sun.
25. The _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ zone is the region around a star where a planet would be warm enough to have liquid water and cool enough to keep it from evaporating away.